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Particle and Aerosol Research
Vol. 18, No. 3, September 2022, Pages 51-59
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ISSN : 1738-8716 (Print)
ISSN : 2287-8130 (Online)
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Comparison of applicability of HVAC and air cleaners in a subway station platform against airborne infection of SARS-CoV-2
Gunhee Lee1), Sang Bok Kim1), Inyong Park1), Kee Jung Hong1), Yeawan Lee1), Hak-Joon Kim1), Yong-Jin Kim1),and Bangwoo Han1) *
1)Department of Sustainable Environmental Research, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials
*Corresponding author.
Tel.: +82-42-868-7068, E-mail: bhan@kimm.re.kr
Received 26 January 2022, Revised 23 April 2022, Accepted 23 April 2022, Available online 29 September 2022
http://dx.doi.org/10.11629/jpaar.2022.18.3.051
Abstracts
In this work, virion concentration and its dose changes by HVAC and air cleaners were estimated in a subway station platform to control airborne infection of SARS-CoV-2. Collection efficiencies with particle size were measured for the air filter equipped in a HVAC in one subway station in Daejeon. Indoor PM2.5 changes according to outdoor PM2.5 with time were also measured to estimate air infiltration rate in the subway station platform. When infected persons generate virions by 104, 105, 106, 3 x 106 and 5 x 106 h-1 in a 2,400 §© volume platform, the concentration and dose were estimated as 9, 92, 275 and 458 virions/§© and 4, 43, 130 and 217 virions after 1 hour exposure, respectively. The concentration and dose were reduced by 70%, and 64%, respectively by operations of both HVAC (with a flow rate of 16,000 §©/h, MERV 11) and ten air cleaners(with total CADR 10,740 §©/h) compared to those without operation of both HVAC and air cleaners. However, virion dose in the platform was estimated to be too low at the general conditions due to a large space, a high air infiltration (3 h-1) and a short residence time (usually < 10 mins) in the platform irrespective of the operations of HVAC or air cleaners. HVAC with filters and air cleaners would be more necessary in the concourse or shopping areas in the subway stations to reduce the infection dose from a few hundred to several tens virions in a hour.
Keywords
SARS-CoV-2, Subway, HVAC, Air cleaner, Clean air delivery rate (CADR)
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